Solutions Lab
From solute to solution. Measure, mix, and explain.
Ideal solutions at 25 °C in Make a Solution and Dilute. Solubility uses the lesson curves.
1. Prepare
Make a Solution
Solvent: water. The solute dissolves in the solvent to form a solution.
Show molar mass
A demonstration: 1.00 L of water plus solute gives more than 1.00 L of solution.
Balance (g)
Fill with a wash bottle. Watch the bottom of the meniscus.
2. Observe
Volumetric flask
Dissolve in some water, then fill to the line. V is the volume of the solution, including the solute.
Show student work
Bulb states are bright, dim, or off. Brightness is qualitative, not a measurement of concentration.
1. Measure and transfer
Dilute
Volumetric pipet
Fill to the line
2. Compare
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
1 is the stock solution. 2 is the diluted solution. V₂ is the total final volume.
Same number of solute particles, more volume. Schematic, not a molecular count.
1. Heat and cool
100 g H₂O
Add up to 250 g of solute.
Gases are less soluble in warm water because faster moving gas particles escape the liquid more easily.
2. Read the graph
Solubility curve
Curve values
Below the curve: unsaturated. On the curve (±1 g): saturated. Above the curve: supersaturated.
The point shows the dissolved amount. Solid on the bottom means the solution is saturated. Only dissolved excess without solid makes a supersaturated solution.
Start with the fixed challenges. Check your finished experiment or enter an answer. Use hints when you need them.
Data table
About this activity
Make solutions of a given molarity, dilute stock solutions, and read solubility curves. Check each calculation against what happens in the beaker.
Related lessons
- Molarity CalculationsChemistry
- DilutionsChemistry
- Solubility CurvesChemistry